Alcoholic products at all times were in high demand, even during the times of the strictest ban on their use. At the same time, the popularity of alcoholic beverages does not decrease even with a general drop in the level of income of the population. For this reason, the launch of a new commercial project related to the production and bottling of wines, cognacs and vodka is guaranteed to become a profitable business, provided that a business plan is drawn up in advance, taking into account all the features of the project implementation in specific conditions and for a specific market sector.
Legal issues
Before opening your own mini-plant for the production and bottling of alcoholic beverages, you must go through the registration procedure, having received a certificate of assigning the plant the status of a legal entity - LLC. In the process of registering an organization, a certain OKVED code must be assigned.
Since the products manufactured at such a plant are classified as alcoholic beverages, in order to carry out commercial activities on full rights, it is necessary to obtain an appropriate license.
If the production of vodka is planned at the mini-factory, then you must carefully familiarize yourself with the state and international standards for the production of these alcoholic beverages. In addition, it is required to issue a declaration and a voluntary certificate of conformity.
Premises
You should carefully and deliberately approach the choice of the building in which the mini-factory will be located. The building of the plant must include at least 2 premises - the production area itself and the warehouse for finished products. Ideally, the area of the plant should be about 2,000 sq. meters, however, to start activities in this area, the production facility can be located on much more modest areas (at least 100 square meters. meters).
Equipment
Despite the fact that each manufacturer seeks to invent its own secret of cleaning and filtering alcohol-containing beverages, the manufacturing technology remains practically unchanged.
For this reason, the following are used to equip a production line for the production of alcoholic beverages (common to all) installations:
- pasteurizer;
- reservoir - 3 pcs.;
- bottle washing machine;
- filling and packaging machine;
- the device for applying labels and excise stamps;
- optional equipment.
TO additional equipment may refer to:
- water softener and purifier;
- coal column (volume 1.6 cubic meters);
- single-flow sand filter;
- conveyor;
- thermal tunnel for heating the caps.
In total, the purchase, transportation and installation of production equipment will require financial investments in the amount of at least 1.8 million rubles.
In the future, when the project reaches the level of sustainable profit, the production line can be fully automated by introducing a full cycle automatic line of equipment from Italian or French manufacturers. Such equipment is notable for its high cost (6-7 million rubles), however, it makes it possible to simplify the work of production employees, reduce the risk of technology violation due to the influence of the "human factor", and also simplify the maintenance of reporting documents.
Staff
The winery's business plan should include a list of the planned recruitment. At the same time, not only the number of employees to ensure the production of alcoholic beverages in each production workshop is indicated, but also some of their job responsibilities, as well as the planned salary, are indicated.
The staff is formed depending on the volume of production.
For a medium-sized winery, this may include:
- Administrative staff.
- Technological specialists.
- Workers to organize a successful production process at different stages of the production of wine drinks.
- Cleaners and other staff.
Market analysis
Before opening a plant for the production and sale of wine and vodka products, it is necessary to conduct a thorough analysis of the economic situation in the region planned for the launch of the project. In the course of this analysis, it is necessary to conduct a marketing study of the expectations of potential buyers (to products of which price category they are more located, the expected scale of implementation, etc.).
Also, within the framework of this analysis, the level of competition in the selected region is assessed. As practice has shown, in the segment of production and sale of alcoholic beverages in the regions, the fiercest competition for local producers is made by foreign-made alcoholic beverages, but their main drawback is their higher cost.
Sales of products
The establishment of future distribution channels should already be reflected in the business plan of the winery, since special attention should be paid to the sale of products. With insufficient establishment of sales channels, finished products can stagnate in the warehouse, thereby slowing down the entire principle of production and leading to losses. To attract wholesale buyers and establish long-term partnership agreements, a system of discounts on supply volumes can be introduced.
To expand the circle of potential buyers and establish wholesale sales of products, you need to worry about holding an advertising campaign aimed at recognizing a new brand. The content of advertising information should reflect the unique properties of alcoholic beverages, positive assessments of independent examinations, obtaining quality certificates and acceptable cost of products.
Finance
Drawing up a financial plan for a project, which consists in calculating its expenditure and income, with their subsequent comparison, allows us to answer the question of the advisability of starting such a business. Also, in the course of calculating the financial plan, indicators of the level of profitability and the payback period of the business are determined.
Production of alcoholic beverages. Dorosh A.K., Lysenko B.C.
The book tells in detail about the history of making moonshine, both in production and at home. The book will interest those readers who want to know the scientific information of the processes of production of alcoholic beverages.
The basics of technologies are described and the necessary recommendations are proposed for the production of alcohol from all kinds of food raw materials to obtain vodka. The technologies for obtaining malt, wort, yeast, the fermentation process, distillation and purification of alcohol are presented in detail. The physical and chemical methods, the means that were previously used for the purification of alcohol in production are described. Old and new norms and requirements of state standards for alcohol and vodka are presented.
Designs of small moonshine stills for home use are described. Historical information about the production of strong alcohol is offered for acquaintance. The processes of making vodka, which were used by individuals and at enterprises, during the times of Tsarist Russia and the USSR, are described, recipes for vodka are presented.
The book was written for general reading, based on the analysis of scientific data from the beginning of the 20th century to the present day.
Moonshine was driven at all times. In the memory of many people, events not so long ago, when the preparation of moonshine was a violation of the law and was subjected to severe punishment.
And, nevertheless, even the mass home production of moonshine did not become the basis for people who are engaged in moonshine brewing to know in the intricacies of all the technologies for its preparation, to be well versed in the design of moonshine still, that is, with the technical side of this issue.
Unfortunately, all the literature that has appeared in recent years does not fully acquaint people with the issue of preparing alcoholic homemade drinks, including moonshine.
And, nevertheless, the modern production of alcoholic beverages has sufficient experience that would be extremely useful for preparing alcohol using special devices at home. Unfortunately, virtually all of the scientific literature on this issue is inaccessible to most people.
Introduction
To the main raw material, as a result of the fermentation of carbohydrates of which alcohol is obtained, other substances are also used: water, additional materials, yeast and malt. At home, malt can be a key raw material to make alcohol.
The quality of the water, the composition of the salts, and especially its hardness, have a significant impact on all important processes of obtaining alcohol, including fermentation and the cultivation of malt.
Alcohol production technologies consist of 3 stages:
1) creating a fermentation environment;
2) fermentation;
3) obtaining alcohol.
Of course, at each of these stages, certain work is performed that lead to the production of high-quality alcohol.
The result of the work of the first stage is the appearance of the wort.
At this stage, the yeast is also prepared for fermentation.
At the beginning of the second stage, the wort and yeast are mixed. During these works, it is necessary to strictly observe the temperature regime.
The third stage includes work on the distillation and rectification of alcohol.
It is impossible to obtain high-quality alcohol at home only through distillation. Therefore, at home, other methods of purifying alcohol are needed, which are described in detail and comprehensively in the book.
In tsarist Russia, the industry that was engaged in the production of alcohol was called a distillery, and the enterprises that made alcohol were called distilleries. Indeed, in Russia, alcohol and vodka have long been called wine, which was obtained by the method of fire distillation.
And only in the 30s of the 20th century, this industry received the name alcohol, and therefore the enterprises producing alcoholic beverages were called distilleries.
In this article:
The production of vodka is a rather delicate process, and the quality of the finished product directly depends on the degree water purification... The production of the most popular alcoholic beverage in our country can be considered economically feasible, since the product will always be in demand, regardless of the economic situation in the state.
Features of organizing a business for the production of vodka
1. Organizational and legal form of business - individual entrepreneur or LLC with a simplified taxation system.
2. To conduct economic activities, the following OKVED code should be indicated: 15.91 - Manufacture of distilled alcoholic beverages.
Before starting a production line, you must familiarize yourself with the list of state standards: GOST R51355-99, GOST R52472-2005 and international quality standard.
3. Obtaining a production license after submitting a package of documents and paying the state duty.
4. Registration of a declaration and a voluntary certificate of conformity for vodka.
5. Obtaining new sample excise stamps (1600 rubles per 1000 items).
Factory vodka production technology
In the process of making vodka, every detail matters and affects the final taste of the alcoholic beverage. Most manufacturers have their own secrets regarding the purification and filtration of the product, but in general, the technological process for the production of vodka is identical for everyone.
Elite vodkas are prepared on the basis of malt alcohol, which is produced using a special technology.
Raw materials- sprouted grain, allows not to use artificial additives during fermentation. Malt alcohol is fermented using exclusively natural enzymes, it gives the finished product a specific aftertaste (without burning) and a sweetish aftertaste. An equally important component is the quality of water, which it is desirable to use from wells in ecologically clean areas. The water, which is extracted from natural sources, has unique characteristics and special properties of mineralization. The technologist must monitor the quality of the water used.
In order for all ingredients to retain their useful and natural properties without the use of chemical substitutes, all stages of the production process must be strictly observed:
- water preparation;
- acquisition or preparation of alcohol ;
- mixing a water-alcohol mixture;
- filtration;
- coal and silver processing;
- upholding;
- bottling of finished products.
Before starting the production of vodka, the salt content in the water is studied; it should be minimal. Its volume in the total mass should be about 60%. At this stage, water is purified by sedimentation and filtration. It is important to note that it is categorically not recommended to boil (distil) water, in this case the alcoholic drink will lose its unique taste and become hard.
Wheat is often used as the main raw material for the production of vodka alcohol. Along with this, the addition of barley, corn and even peas is allowed. Alcohol can be made independently or ordered from distilleries. In the latter case, it is much more difficult to control its quality.
During the sorting process, alcohol and water in the required proportions are fed into closed sorting vats and mixed. The resulting liquid is subjected to additional multiple purification. Other ingredients may be added at this stage as provided by the recipe. For example, to obtain lemon vodka, lemon juice (flavoring) is added to the mixture. Further, the water-alcohol mixture passes through a filter with quartz sand, and then triple filtration takes place through columns filled with activated carbon and ionized silver. In closed sorting tanks, the aqueous-alcoholic liquid is mixed with special devices.
Then the mixture passes through columns with quartz sand. This ancient and laborious method will give the vodka softness and pleasant taste. At each stage of the production process, the technologist must check the quality of the drink using physical and chemical analysis.
The quartz filters need to be cleaned periodically as the build-up will interfere with normal cleaning.
Before the final stage vodka enters special tanks where she “calms down and rests,” chemical processes slow down, and water and alcohol are evenly distributed. The more days allotted for vodka settling, the more complete its taste becomes.
According to the standards, assimilation(settling of the finished mixture) should last at least 48 hours. According to experienced technologists, this time is not enough. Therefore, for many manufacturers, settling can take up to 7 days. Premium varieties "rest" for about 3 months, which makes their taste even richer and more sophisticated.
The filling process is carried out on special automatic lines - an alcoholic drink is poured into a bottle and corked with a special stopper, after which a label is applied.
The final stage involves packing vodka and sending it to the finished product warehouse.
Vodka production workshop equipment
It is quite difficult to achieve a high level of quality of vodka products without the use of modern equipment, and it is almost impossible to produce stable supplies without automation of production.
We purchase equipment for the production of vodka
- Pasteurizer (Fig. 14) - 110,000 rubles;
- Three tanks (Fig. 15) - 150,000 rubles;
- Bottle washing machine (Fig. 16) - 240,000 rubles;
- Packaging machine for filling (Fig. 17) - 510,000 rubles;
- Automatic machine for sticking labels and excise stamps (Fig. 18) - 430,000 rubles;
- Optional equipment:
- installation for softening and purifying water - 180,000 rubles.
- coal column (volume 1.6 cubic meters) - 65,000 rubles;
- single-flow sand filter - 54,000 rubles;
- transporter - 35,000 rubles;
- thermal tunnel for heating the caps - 28,000 rubles.
Total: 1 802 000 rubles.
There is an opportunity to purchase a ready-made production line of Italian or French production, which provides for full automation. Its use allows you to protect against errors that are associated with the "human factor". Also, the work of the service personnel and the maintenance of reporting documentation will be greatly simplified. The only drawback of such equipment is the high price (6-7 million rubles), which may turn out to be “overwhelming” for a beginner entrepreneur.
Subsequently, in connection with the development and payback of the business, this equipment can be seamlessly integrated into the existing production.
Vodka production business plan
To start the production process for the workshop, it is necessary to allocate at least 100 m2 of area. The rental price for non-residential premises will be 15,000 rubles per month.
Mini-factory product strategy: vodka produced in two varieties: Standard and Premium. A distinctive feature of the products will be environmental friendliness and quality. The monthly volume of production will be 5,000 decaliters.
The cost of raw materials consists of the following components:
- Water from a natural source - 120,000 rubles;
- Alcohol - 180,000 rubles;
- Container - 72,000 rubles;
- Labels - 15,000 rubles;
- Traffic jams - 13,000 rubles;
Total: 450,000 rubles.
The monthly payroll of employees is 329,000 rubles:
- Basic salary - 230,000 rubles;
- Additional salary - 16,000 rubles;
- Payroll taxes (36.1%) - 83,000 rubles;
The expenditure part of the business plan consists of the following monthly costs:
- Raw materials and basic materials - 450,000 rubles;
- Auxiliary materials - 45,000 rubles;
- Utility bills - 15,000 rubles;
- Payroll (40 people) - 329,000 rubles;
- Deductions for production needs (39% of the payroll) - 128 310 rubles;
- Lease of an industrial building - 15,000 rubles;
- Workshop costs (50% of item 4) - 164,500 rubles;
- Losses from marriage (4.5% of clause 6) - 7402.50 rubles;
- Non-production costs (5% of clause 7) - 370.12 rubles;
- Depreciation of equipment - 10,000 rubles.
Total direct costs (items 1-5) - 982 310 rubles.
Total indirect costs (p / p 7-10) - 182,272.62 rubles.
Planned cost = Direct costs + Indirect costs = 982 310 rubles. + 182 272, 62 rub. = 1 164 582.62 rubles.
Total cost of work = planned cost + planned profit (20% of the planned cost) + income tax (20% of profit) = 1,164,582.62 rubles. + 232 916, 52 rub. + RUB 46,583.30 = 1 444 082, 45 rubles.
Cost of processing = Planned cost - Cost of materials = 1,164,582.62 rubles - 450,000 rubles. = 714 582, 62 rubles.
Let's determine the retail price of 1 bottle of vodka: Suppose 100% sale of finished products, at which the final cost of 1 bottle of vodka, taking into account the cost price, will be: = 142.92 rubles / dal x 2 = 285.83 rubles / dal.
Calculation of revenue, profit and profitability
Sales proceeds = Planned price x Monthly production volume = 285.83 rubles / dal. x 5000 dal. = 1,429,150 rubles.
Profit from sales = Revenue - Cost = 1,429,150 rubles - 1,164,582.62 rubles. = 264 567.40 rubles.
Net profit (net of income tax 20%) = 264 567.40 - 52 913.48 = 211 653.93 rubles.
Product profitability = Profit from sales / Cost = 264 567.40 / 1 164 582.62 = 0.23.
Profitability of production = Profit from sales / Cost of processing = 264 567.40 / 714 582.62 = 0.37.
Thus, the production of vodka is an economically viable production process, since it brings in a profit of 211,654 rubles / month and has a good profitability indicator (37%).
Sales of finished products
The main focus for increasing sales of an alcoholic beverage should be on the quality of the finished product. To do this, you should strictly adhere to the approved recipe, select the ingredients accurately and exercise strict control of the production process at all its stages.
At first, for the recognition of the product by potential consumers, the most effective method will be to conduct an advertising campaign. During its implementation, it is necessary to focus on the unique properties of vodka, testing it by independent laboratories, obtaining quality certificates and an acceptable price.
The book tells about alcoholic drinks that can be prepared at home. The feast was never complete without them. The main thing is not to forget about the sense of proportion. There are a lot of recipes for drinks, and each has its own history, rooted in the depths of centuries. The reader will learn how to brew moonshine, make wine, and much more, using everything that is given by Nature as a raw material. The book is designed for the widest readership.
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